Knowing about the black sea
The Atlantic Ocean has several marginal and enclosed seas. The Black Sea is one of the marginal seas of the Atlantic and the ocean’s 13th largest sea. It covers a surface area of 436,402 km2, and has a volume of 547,000 km3.
The Black Sea lies between the continents of Asia and Europe. It is bound to the west by the Balkan Peninsula in Southeastern Europe, to the east by the Caucasus, north by East European Plains, and south by Anatolia of Western Asia. The black Sea drainage basin drains several countries, including the six countries that share its coast.
The sea is bordered to the north by Russia and Ukraine , Turkey to the south, Bulgaria to the west, and Georgia to the east. Romania also has an opening to the Black Sea. The Black Sea basin covers an area of approximately 2 million square kilometers and drains 25 countries.
The Black Sea has a coastline of approximately 5,800 kilometers, including the Sea of Azov. Russia has the longest coastline on the sea (2,300 km), followed by Turkey (1,329 km) and Ukraine (1,282 km)
The Black Sea region experiences climatic variation due to the North Atlantic Oscillation phenomena over the North Atlantic Ocean. This weather phenomena result from the interaction between the mid-latitude air mass and the North Atlantic Ocean. The relative strength of the North Atlantic oscillation reduces the amount of cold air reaching the northern portion during winter.
The coastal areas along with the Black Sea experience marine climate, characterized by warmer days between May and October. The average air temperature over the sea’s central portion in January is 46 degrees Fahrenheit and decreases westwards. In spring, the air temperature rises to 61 degrees Fahrenheit and 74 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer. The northwest portion experiences the lowest temperature, falling below -22 degrees Fahrenheit in winter. June, October, and December are the wettest months
There are numerous islands of varying sizes in the Black Sea. The islands are administered by the various countries bordering the sea, including Russia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Romania, and Ukraine. Ukraine has the highest number of Islands in the Black Sea, including the sea’s largest island.
The largest island in the Black Sea is Dzharylhach Island in Ukraine. It covers an area of approximately 56 km2 and is 42 km long. The island is famous for its mineral springs and sandy beaches. Besides the springs, over 400 small salty lakes are scattered throughout its territory. Dzharylhach has unique flora and fauna that have been preserved. The island and the nearby bay are part of the Dzharylgach National Nature Park. Besides Dzharylgach, other Black Sea islands within Ukraine are Snake Island, Berezan, Nova Zemlia, and Swan Island.
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